![]() ![]() 57 Regarding the effect of physical activity following 12 weeks' SAT interventions, positive activity impact was reported on ovarian reserve markers in both normal, obese and PCOS reproductive age women, though this was more pronounced and statistically significant only in case of PCOS and obese women. Similar but non-significant trends were observed for ALT.Ĭonclusion: Elevated levels of GGT in early and mid-pregnancy, even within the conventional normal range, and its progressive increase from early to mid-pregnancy may be implicated in the pathogenesis of GDM, highlighting its potential to inform early screening or preventive strategies to mitigate subsequent risk of GDM. ![]() Progressively increased (< 0.05). At CV1 and CV2, GGT levels comparing the highest versus lowest quartile were associated with 3.01-fold (95% CI 1.32â6.85) and 3.51-fold (95% CI 1.37â8.97) increased risk of GDM, respectively. Results: In repeated measure analysis, after adjusting for confounders including body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio, GGT per standard deviation increment was associated with elevated fasting glucose and HOMA-IR (% change = 1.51%, 95% CI 0.56â2.46% and 7.43%, 95% CI 1.76â13.11%, respectively) and decreased adiponectin (% change = â2.86%, 95% CIâ5.53 to â0.20%) from CV1 to CV2. Linear mixed model and conditional logistic regression were used, adjusting for major risk factors for GDM. Fasting blood samples were collected at two clinic visits (CV1, gestational weeks 10â13 CV2, gestational weeks 16â19). Methods: Within the prospective Pregnancy Environment and Lifestyle Study cohort, 117 GDM cases were ascertained and matched to 232 non-GDM controls in a nested case-control study. We investigated longitudinal associations of γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) with insulin secretion and resistance markers across early to mid-pregnancy and subsequent GDM risk. These results suggest that adiponectin concentrations are more closely related to differences in insulin-mediated glucose disposal than obesity.Ä«ackground: Liver enzymes may be implicated in glucose homeostasis liver enzymes progressively change during pregnancy but longitudinal data during pregnancy in relation to insulin resistance and gestational diabetes (GDM) risk are lacking. Finally, adiponectin levels in insulin-sensitive subjects varied to a significantly greater degree than in insulin-resistant subjects. Insulin-resistant subjects had significantly (P<0.001) lower (mean +/- SD) adiponectin concentrations, whether they were obese (17.1 +/- 5.9 micro g/ml) or nonobese (16.3 +/- 7.5 micro g/ml) as compared with either obese, insulin-sensitive (34.3 +/- 13.1 micro g/ml) or nonobese, insulin-sensitive (29.8 +/- 15.3 micro g/ml) subjects. Subjects were defined as obese (BMI >/=30.0 kg/m(2)) or nonobese (190 mg/dl). ![]() Insulin resistance was quantified by determining the steady-state plasma glucose (SSPG) concentration in response to an infusion of octreotide, glucose, and insulin, and degree of adiposity was assessed by BMI. To address this issue, fasting plasma adiponectin concentrations were measured in 60 nondiabetic subjects, stratified into four equal groups on the basis of both their degree of adiposity and insulin resistance. Since insulin resistance and obesity are related, the extent to which the association of adiponectin with insulin resistance is dependent on its relationship with obesity is unclear. Insulin resistance and obesity are both associated with lower plasma adiponectin concentrations.
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